10 Front end Technologies | Web technologies | 2022 list

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The world of web technology is on a fleet of ever-changing trends. Selecting the right technology is as important as creating an effective design. It is crucial to understand and choose the right front end technologies for your upcoming projects considering scalability and lesser maintenance. 

To a lot of people, Development always seems like a tough job. And everyone assumes that it ends with the process of it. But you, the developers, know very well what goes behind every action and every click a user makes. And thatā€™s some power you hold! Well, we want to contribute our share of it and help you see what frontend technologies you can use for your next project from new technologies 2022. And for the ones who are new to the development letā€™s start with the basics!

What is Front-end Development?

You might be wondering what is front end. In software development, anything that allows users to interact with the system is the front end. It is the user interface and a graphical representation of the product to help users understand and roam around the system without any additional support. In short, everything a user can see and interact with is the front-end of the software development.

While the back-end works behind the scenes, the front-end ensures that the users can use the app or website. Without front-end, it would be all codes and no aesthetics! Front-end developers master their skills in HTML, JavaScript, and CSS. They are the foundational front end technologies. Then come the frameworks and libraries which are built up using programming languages to ease the work of developers.

A major part of front-end development is designing mobile-first websites. In todayā€™s date, where a single website is used across various devices you cannot stick to a single screen size. Thus, thereā€™s no point in having a website if itā€™s not adaptable to multiple screen sizes.  

One of the challenges of the front end of a website is that the field is constantly changing. And as a front-end developer, you need to be aware of the new trends. Here, we have curated a list of top front-end development technologies you should know of and make use of it. 

Top 10 Front-end Development Technologies

1. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

HTML is one of the most popular front end technologies and also one of the foundational front end technologies alongside JavaScript and CSS. It is the first layer of a website.

Hypertext is text with links allowing navigation through other web pages or websites. Meanwhile, markup is the text with special markings to define the structure of the web content like the headers and footers, images, tables, and other content. Those are the basic elements of a website that you structure with HTML. The markups are also called HTML tags.

HTML creates the code version of wireframes used for CSS styles and additional features in JavaScript. It helps in defining the meaning and structure of your web content. HTML uses markup to annotate all the content including the text and images. Every webpage has HTML embedded into it to structure the web content and instruct which element goes where. Many well-known companies like Facebook, YouTube, Google, and Amazon use HTML5 for the markup language. 

2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

CSS refers to the presentation and styling of the HTML document. It is responsible for managing the visuals of any HTML document. CSS helps make the design elements such as colors, fonts, and layouts interactive and more attractive.  

Styles add beautiful designs to a website so that the users donā€™t bore themselves with white background and a cluster of black text. When you see the website loads only the white background and black and blue text, it shows that the CSS part of the website didnā€™t load. The CSS file is created separately and later it is integrated on top of the HTML markup.Ā 

There are three ways for integrating CSS over the markup language- 

  • Inline CSS- Inline CSS is styling a specific element in HTML. Each HTML tag will contain its styles sheet in the tag itself. 
  • Internal CSS- Internal or Embedded CSS is where you add the style tag for a single pageā€™s CSS in the header or body section of the page. 
  • External CSS- It refers to creating a separate file for CSS styles and adding it to the HTML. The external CSS files are reusable and are multipurpose when building a website with multiple pages. 

It can be used on any XML-based markup language. Also, CSS helps adapt the website to different screen sizes. Popular names like Medium, Starbucks, and Netflix use CSS.

3. Javascript

JavaScript is one of the well-known Front end technologies. The dynamic capabilities of JavaScript have helped transform the web. Before JavaScript was born, the only thing the web knew was static websites. It is a client-side programming language used for making your website interactive. 

Thanks to JavaScript, we had the privilege of building dynamic websites. JavaScript offered various powers like clicks, scrolling, pop-ups, ads, and more. Every interactive element you think of adding to the front-end is possible with JavaScript. This includes the shopping cart of your eCommerce or the complicated animations. Hence, JavaScript is the base of most front-end frameworks. Even the non-browsers like Node.js, Apache CouchDB, etc. also use them. Companies using JS: Netflix, PayPal, Walmart, Microsoft, eBay, LinkedIn, Google, etc.

4. React JS

React JS, is one of the popular open-source Javascript libraries. It is used for making UIs and UI components. A team of developers at Facebook created React JS. Well, a Meta offspring! React uses the JSX style of coding with a blend of HTML quotes and tag syntax for creating components. 

React JS allows you to create reusable UI components. Here, the approach for building UIs is different by breaking them into components. The component-based architecture and the reusable nature help maintain the codes when you are working on larger projects. Also, one of the main features of React is its virtual document object models (DOMs). They are APIs that control how the documents are accessed and managed. 

The Dom works with HTML and XML documents and treats the documents like a tree structure and each of the elements in HTML work as an object. You can use React to develop single-page, mobile, or server-side apps when you use it with frameworks like Next.js. Dropbox, Instagram, Airbnb, discord, Wix, and Pinterest are some famous names using react JS.

5. AngularĀ front end technology

Angular is an open-source JavaScript framework. Well, it was created by Google. It is a Type-script-based web application framework and is an essential part of the MEAN technology stack – MongoDB, Express.js, Angular, and Node.js. 

It uses the MVVM (Model-View-View-Model) design pattern which distinguishes the business logic layer from the GUI layer. Furthermore, it allows you to build progressive web apps as well as build near-native apps using techs like Cordova, NativeScript, or Ionic. Additionally, Angularā€™s in-built templates make it easy and rapid for front-end developers to create the user interface views. 

Moreover, you donā€™t need any separate code for data binding. With a few snippets of the code, you can instantly connect your data from HTML to the app data. Any application built with Angular is never browser-specific. Therefore, no browser-specific constraints in angular based front end application. And it can run across all devices and known browsers. Overall, it is one of the most versatile front-end frameworks. Angular is being used by Forbes, Upwork, PayPal, and Gmail.

6. Vue.js

Vue.js is another MVVM JavaScript Framework on the list of top Front end Technologies. And the best part of using Vue.js is the incremental adoption of the products you build. Vue.js was created by Evan You in 2013 at Google. He aimed at creating something lightweight using the best features of AngularJS. Vue.js is a combination of some excellent features of both Angular and React. 

Vue.js is not entirely a framework but more like a view layer. Hence, it is easy to integrate other libraries and projects with Vue.js. It is a compact and easy-to-install framework among front end technologies. It allows you to create interactive UI components and also large and small-level templates. Vue.js has a faster DOMs implementation. 

If you are looking to build cross-platform apps then Vue.js is one of the front end technologies you should be going for. Many popular Organizations using Vue are Netflix, Grammarly, Facebook, Adobe, Nintendo, Trivago, etc. 

7. Next.js

Next.js is a React.js framework that allows you to build server-side rendering and static web applications by using React JS. The main purpose of next.js is server-side rendering to resolve issues like extended loading time and security which ultimately affects SEO. One thing that you need not forget is that you will require node.js for using Next.js. 

Also, for the convenience of developers, it offers page-based routing and a built-in router. Coming to the styling and the features of Next.js, it supports styling with CSS and is pre-compiled with Scss, Sass, and styled JSX. Additionally, Next.js has typescript support and smart bundling. Next aims at improving your overall development experience. Many popular websites like Netflix, Uber, Starbucks, and GitHub have used Next.js.

8. Ionic

Ionic is an open-source app development framework for building cross-platform and native progressive web apps with a  single code-base. It is perfect for building hybrid mobile applications. It helps you create mobile-based applications across platforms like Android, iOS, and Windows. All in all, it is exactly what you need for building progressive web apps. 

It has a collection of components providing the functionality of the mobile platform. Ionic has a default user interface i.e. the CSS and JS parts that smoothens the process for developers. Importantly, AngularJS is the most ideal option for building web apps and mobile apps and ionic has great compatibility with AngularJS. Companies using Ionic- Accenture, Uniqlo, and double slash. 

9. jQuery

jQuery is a Javascript library with a curated set of UI interactions, effects, themes, and widgets. Similar to some front end technologies on the list here, it is a cross-platform web framework. jQuery’s motto is ā€œwrite less do moreā€. It binds the codes for many common tasks into methods and a single line of code can be used whenever required.

jQuery simplifies the complexities of JavaScript like AJAX calls and DOM manipulation. It is one of the most popular web front end frameworks and extendable Javascript frameworks. Moreover, jQuery simplifies browser event handling and HTML document manipulation and traversing. It allows developers to create a wide range of plug-ins in the JavaScript library. Companies using jQuery are Google, IBM, Twitter, Uber, and Netflix. 

10. Meteor JS

Hereā€™s a front-end technology that is a boon for JS developers. Meteor JS makes the development process of web and mobile apps fast and convenient. Meteor JS is a JavaScript web framework. It is incredibly fast comparatively. Its convenience and lower learning curve make it the ideal web app framework. 

Meteor JS is known for its reactive UI. Each change you make in the data will automatically update the UI.  Thereā€™s no responsive website without a reactive Ui feature. While many frameworks and languages donā€™t support reactive UI, it is an advantage here with Meteor JS. 

Moreover, it is an extensible framework, which means you integrate tons of other solutions. It also offers various packages to help you save your development time. For instance, you donā€™t need to build a login page from scratch, and you can use a Meteor package instead.  Also, it allows you to easily integrate other JavaScript libraries like React and Bootstrap. Companies using meteor JS- Accenture, Shelf, and Nordstorm

Conclusion

The fresh and trendy technologies coming our way are here for a reason. They deliver a solution to a problem that is more efficient than the existing ones. And the list above is an introduction to the popular ones and yet you will find better alternatives over time. 

Once youā€™re done with the process you are ready to build the website that is going to make an impact with its outstanding interactions and mind-blowing performance. But always remember to opt for the web development tools that work best for your projects and not choose them for the sake of their popularity. Functionality and convenience over anything else!

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